经济空间场与ESDA结合的公共卫生事件应急策略制定     

俞艳  蒙文清  樊建  马薇霖  夏杨玲 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2021,(2)

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情引起了人们对国家公共卫生事件应对能力的广泛关注。基于波及效应梯度场提出了生产诱发梯度,进一步完善了经济空间场理论,并将其与探索性空间数据分析(exploratory spatial data analysis,ESDA)相结合,对医药制造业波及效应及空间布局进行了研究,制定了有效的公共卫生事件应急策略。经济空间场理论分析结果揭示了产业经济空间中医药制造业与各产业部门之间的波及效应,并由此得到了医药密切相关产业。同时,经济空间场理论与ESDA方法的结合能在区分中国大陆各省空间聚集类型的基础上,评估各省公共卫生事件的应对能力,从而为各省提出相应的应急策略和医药制造业发展建议。该方法综合考虑了产业波及效应和产业空间布局现状,不仅能够促进各省医药制造业的健康合理发展,也有助于增强各省突发公共卫生事件的应对能力。  相似文献   

马里亚纳南部弧内坡橄榄岩中的角闪石成分对于弧下地幔交代流体的指示     

董彦辉  初凤友  朱继浩  张平萍 《海洋学报》2011,33(5):91-96

马里亚纳弧前的橄榄岩被认为是SSZ型蛇绿岩的现代等同物,记录了弧下地幔与俯冲流体的交代反应,其中的角闪石被认为是俯冲流体交代的产物.电子探针的数据表明角闪石主要包括透闪石和镁闪石两种,其中前者具有低的钠含量,后者则具有明显高的钠、铝含量,但Mg#较低.角闪石的组成反映了俯冲流体具有高硅、钙、铝、钠等元素的特征.形成成分...  相似文献   

山东半岛北岸现代海滩层理及动态解释     

曹立华  栾天  庄振业  李兵  董威力  孙羽涵 《海洋地质前沿》2011,(9):1-5,31

海滩层理由冲、回流塑造的向海倾前滨楔状交错层理和冲越流形成的向陆倾后滨斜层理组成,二者构成假背斜构造.近年在烟台—莱州岸段海滩上开挖了10个垂岸探槽,揭示出这里海滩以向陆倾后滨层理为主,并且被暴风浪侵蚀面所斜切,该面向海的前滨层理只留下几十厘米的薄层,说明近几十年海岸持续遭受侵蚀,海滩的前滨层理被多次暴风浪切割掉;按暴...  相似文献   

Urban stormwater thermal gene expression models for protection of sensitive receiving streams          下载免费PDF全文

A.M.A. Sattar  B. Gharabaghi  F. Sabouri  A.M. Thompson 《水文研究》2017,31(13):2330-2348

Thermal impact of typical high‐density residential, industrial, and commercial land uses is a major concern for the health of aquatic life in urban watersheds, especially in smaller, cold, and cool‐water streams. This is the first study of its kind that provides simple easy‐to‐use equations, developed using gene expression programming (GEP) that can guide the assessment and the design of urban stormwater management systems to protect thermally sensitive receiving streams. We developed 3 GEP models using data collected during 3 years (2009–2011) from 4 urban catchments; the first GEP model predicts event mean temperature at the inlet of the pond; the second model predicts the stormwater temperature at the outlet of the pond; and the third model predicts the temperature of the stormwater after flowing through a cooling trench and before discharging to the receiving stream. The new models have high correlation coefficients of 0.90–0.94 and low prediction uncertainty of less than 4% of the median value of the predicted runoff temperatures. Sensitivity analysis shows that climatic factors have the highest influence on the thermal enrichment followed by the catchment characteristics and the key design variables of the stormwater pond and the cooling trench. The general method presented here is easily transferable to other regions of the world (but not necessarily the exact equations developed here); also through sensitivity and parametric analysis, we gained insight on the key factors and their relative importance in modelling thermal enrichment of urban stromwater runoff.  相似文献   

基于GIS的甘肃省区域经济时空差异研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王世杰  赵军 《测绘科学》2010,35(2):170-172

区域经济差异研究一直是区域经济学、发展经济学研究的核心问题之一,也是世界各国经济发展过程中的一个普遍性问题。一直受到各国学术界和政府决策部门的普遍关注。地处中国西北地区的甘肃省,经济社会发展较为落后,省内区域经济差异问题突出。深入分析甘肃省区域经济差异演变规律及其原因对于探索落后地区经济协调发展道路具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上,采用一系列定量测度指标,运用GIS和空间统计分析方法,研究了2000-2006年间甘肃省区域经济差异及其演变规律。基于ESDA全局和局部空间自相关分析,在GIS软件和GeoDA空间统计软件的支持下,利用甘肃省2000-2006年各市、州和县域人均GDP数据,对甘肃省县域经济的总体和局部空间差异进行了实证分析。  相似文献   

A Numerical Model for Natural Backfill of Pipeline Trenches Subjected to Unidirectional／Oscillatory Flows     

LIANGDong-fang CHENGLiang KervinYEOW 《中国海洋工程》2005,19(2):269-286

A numerical model for the self-burial of a pipeline trench is developed. Morphological evolutions of a pipeline trench under steady-current or oscillatory-flow conditions are simulated with/without a pipeline inside the trench. The oscillatory flow in this study represents the action of waves. The two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged continuity and Navier-Stokes equations with the standard k-e turbulence closure, as well as the sediment transport equations, are solved with the finite difference method in a eurvilirrear coordinate system. Both bed and suspended loads of sediment transport are included in the morphological model. Because of the lack of experimental data on the backfilling of pipeline trenches, the numericalmodel is firstly verified against three closely-relevant experiments available in literature. A detailed measurement of the channel migration phenomenon under steady currents is employed for the assessment of the integral performance of themodel. The two experimental results from U-tube tests are used to validate the model‘s ability in predicting oscillatory flows. Different time-marching schemes are employed for the morphological computation under unidirectional and oscillatory conditions. It is found that vortex motions within the trench play an important role in the trench development.  相似文献   

Efficiency analysis of open trench for impact pile driving through a single-variable method     

Amir Hamidi  Abtin Farshi Homayoun Rooz 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2021,39(1):82-102

Abstract

The ground vibrations during pile driving operation have a drastic potential to undermine the surrounding structures both in land and reclaimed land. Particularly, reclaimed land necessitates ample application of pile driving due to the weak land condition. To prevent the structural damage, attenuation of the ground vibrations to an allowable level through active isolation of circular open trench is the scope of this study. In this research, finite element simulations of continuous impact pile driving process from the ground surface was executed with particular attention to the pile-soil interaction, and thereby, the efficiency of open trench application in attenuation of the unsafe distance of different structures was surveyed using the vibration sensitivity degree. Regarding the crucial parameters of an open trench (depth, width, and location), it was concluded that a sufficient high depth can attenuate the unsafe distance up to 68%, the trench width variations are less effective, and an average pile-trench distance is the most efficient option. The excavation volume was also concluded as another crucial parameter in open trench design which takes all three parameters into account. The trench depth equal to the pile’s maximum critical depth of vibration was inferred for an optimum design.  相似文献   

沟槽内海底管道的水动力特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢至庄  张日向  郭建江 《海洋工程》1997,(4)

基于水力模型实验，引入相对沟形系数αｒ，获得了以αｒ为表征的相对水动力系数与ＫＣ数的关系；对于浅沟而言，这种关系较有规律性。根据所设计沟形的αｒ值和所选定的ＫＣ值，应用本文结果，可以方便地判断其力折减程度和掩护效果  相似文献   

高密度电法在草炭土分布特征调查中的应用     

郑云超  佴磊  徐燕  王宏 《世界地质》2018,37(1):259-266

为了更好的研究草炭土湿地基本信息,获取草炭土分布特征,选择吉林省东部沼泽草炭土湿地为研究对象,运用高密度电阻率法,对比不同装置下探测结果的差异,再与已知的探槽资料做对比,得出温纳—施伦贝格装置为最可靠、最合理的探测装置。再将该装置运用到其他草炭土地区,得出对草炭土湿地的探测为浅层地质问题,草炭土的视电阻率为50~300Ω·m,深度为1.2~3.9 m,在反演图像中表现为低阻体部分,各地层间层状结构明显,电性界限分明。  相似文献   

贯入角度对截齿破岩性能与几何排布的影响研究     

肖建成  卢景景  周辉  徐福通  冯春 《岩土力学》2022,43(12):3372-3384

截齿贯入角度是双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计中的关键因素之一。基于连续−非连续单元法（CDEM）,建立截齿不同角度冲击贯入破岩的数值模型,通过断裂能本构模型实现岩体弹性−损伤−断裂的破裂过程,开展截齿有效角度50º～90º区间内的9组冲击贯入破岩模拟,研究贯入角度对截齿破岩性能的影响规律,讨论贯入角度对截齿几何排布的影响,总结布齿系统的截齿几何排布规律。结果表明,当贯入角度从90º降低到50º时,岩体由张拉−拉剪破裂向剪切−拉剪破裂转变,截齿平均贯入力与破碎程度提高,截齿的跃进式侵入特性的显著性减低;贯入角度为75º～90º的第I类截齿与小于55º的第III类截齿在破岩中起辅助作用,贯入角度为55º～75º的第II类截齿可在岩体内部产生范围较大的水平非贯通裂隙,在布齿系统破碎岩体过程中发挥主要作用;2个第II类截齿先后贯入岩体可较好地破碎截线间的岩体,可构成一类基本破岩单元,多个基本破岩单元按照正弦线形式排布,由此形成了一种布齿系统设计方法。研究成果为完善双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计方法,打破国外在双轮铣槽机布齿系统设计方法上的技术壁垒提供了理论基础。  相似文献